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First published more than a decade ago, "Globalizing Capital" remains an indispensable part of the economic literature today. Written by renowned economist Barry Eichengreen, this classic book emphasizes the importance of the international monetary system for understanding the international economy. Brief and lucid, "Globalizing Capital" is intended not only for economists, but also a general audience of historians, political scientists, professionals in government and business, and anyone with a broad interest in international relations.Eichengreen demonstrates that the international monetary system can be understood and effectively governed only if it is seen as a historical phenomenon extending from the period of the gold standard to today's world of fluctuating prices. This updated edition continues to document the effect of floating exchange rates and contains a new chapter on the Asian financial crisis, the advent of the euro, the future of the dollar, and related topics. "Globalizing Capital" shows how these and other recent developments can be put in perspective only once their political and historical contexts are understood.

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只要简单地回顾一下历史，就能够发现，资本流动不能够对从钉住汇率向浮动汇率的转变提供充分的解释。

笔者在本书中认为，维持钉住汇率的关键是，防止政府以牺牲汇率稳定换取其他目标。在19世纪的金本位制下，政府不受国内政治压力的影响。但是，与19世纪不同的是，在20世纪，政府承受着让汇率稳定从属于其他目标的压力。在19世纪，由于投票权是受到限制的，当政府为了维护钉住汇率而提高中央银行利率时，劳苦大众却无力反对。工会和议会工党都没有发展壮大到能够坚持主张维护汇率不应当牺牲其他目标的程度……

到了20世纪，这些情况都发生了变化。当货币稳定与充分就业存在冲突时，当局便不再一定会选择前者。普遍的男权主义、工会主义和议会工党的兴起，将货币与财政政策的制定政治化了。福利国家的兴起与二战后对充分就业的承诺，使得内部与外部平衡的矛盾更加突出了。从19世纪的古典自由主义向20世纪内嵌式自由主义的转变，削弱了当局努力维护钉住汇率决心的可能性。

于是，资本管制便应运而生。

当一个国家为逆差而支付时，它就会失去黄金，其中央银行就会进行干预……通过减少货币供应，中央银行的干预就给物价水平施加了向下调整的压力，从而提高了国内商品的竞争力，与黄金流出一样有效地消除了外部逆差……

一般来说，中央银行使用的工具就是贴现率……当中央银行预计到黄金流失时，它就会提高贴现率，减少其持有的国内生息资产量，现金就会从市场回笼到中央银行。货币供应减少，又会恢复外部平衡，而不要求实际的黄金流出。

书籍介绍

First published more than a decade ago, "Globalizing Capital" remains an indispensable part of the economic literature today. Written by renowned economist Barry Eichengreen, this classic book emphasizes the importance of the international monetary system for understanding the international economy. Brief and lucid, "Globalizing Capital" is intended not only for economists, but also a general audience of historians, political scientists, professionals in government and business, and anyone with a broad interest in international relations.Eichengreen demonstrates that the international monetary system can be understood and effectively governed only if it is seen as a historical phenomenon extending from the period of the gold standard to today's world of fluctuating prices. This updated edition continues to document the effect of floating exchange rates and contains a new chapter on the Asian financial crisis, the advent of the euro, the future of the dollar, and related topics. "Globalizing Capital" shows how these and other recent developments can be put in perspective only once their political and historical contexts are understood.